A Phase II Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Sunitinib Malate in Combination With Weekly Paclitaxel Followed by Doxorubicin and Daily Oral Cyclophosphamide Plus G-CSF as Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced or Inflammatory Breast Cancer

Pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved survival in locally advanced and inflammatory breast cancer. Neoadjuvant sunitinib + paclitaxel followed by doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide with G-CSF therapy resulted in a 27% pCR rate in this single-arm, phase II trial. ER+ patients had higher response rates (64%) using the CPS + EG score and pCR, suggesting promising incremental benefit. Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). We hypothesized that adding sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antitumor and antiangiogenic activity, to an anthracycline and taxane regimen would improve pathologic complete response (pCR) rates to a prespecified endpoint of 45% in patients with HER2-negative LABC or IBC. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, phase II trial of neoadjuvant sunitinib with paclitaxel (S+T) followed by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide plus G-CSF for patients with HER2-negative LABC or IBC. Patients received sunitinib 25 mg PO daily with paclitaxel 80 mg/m(2) IV weekly x12 followed by doxorubicin 24 mg/m(2) IV weekly + cyclophosphamide 60 mg/m(2) PO daily with G-CSF support. Response was evaluated using pCR in the breast and the CPS + EG score (clinical-pathologic scoring + estrogen receptor [ER] and grade). Results: Seventy patients enrolled, and 66 were evaluable for efficacy. Eighteen patients (27%) had pCR in the breast (10 had ER+ disease and 8 had triple-negative disease). When defining response as pCR and/or CPS + EG score <= 2, 31 (47%) were responders. In pateints with ER positive disease, 23 (64%) were responders. The most common toxicities were cytopenias and fatigue. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant S+T followed by AC+G-CSF was safe and tolerable in LABC and IBC. The study did not meet the prespecified endpoint for pCR; however, 47% were responders using pCR and/or CPS + EG score >= 2. ER positive patients had the highest response rate (64%). The addition of sunitinib to neoadjuvant chemotherapy may provide promising incremental benefit for patients with ER positive LABC. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Automated summary

Neoadjuvant sunitinib combined with paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy regimen can improve the pathologic complete response rate in patients with locally advanced and inflammatory breast cancer. ER-positive patients have a higher response rate, indicating promising incremental benefit.