Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 282, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130973
Keywords
Fuel oil; Defined consortia; River sediment; Immobilization; Biodegradation
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Funding
- Second Century Fund (C2F), Chulalongkorn University
- Research Program on Remediation Technologies for Petroleum Contamination, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Three nonpathogenic effective bacterial hydrocarbon degraders were isolated from PAH-enriched sediments, showing broad substrate specificities and potential for bioremediation. The mixed bacterial consortium immobilized on plastic balls achieved efficient degradation and removal of fuel oil, highlighting the cooperative interaction between Rhodococcus and Mycolicibacterium for bioremediation applications.
Nonpathogenic effective bacterial hydrocarbon degraders, Rhodococcus ruber S103, Mycolicibacterium parafortuitum J101 and Mycolicibacterium austroafricanum Y502, were isolated from mixed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-enriched river sediments. They possessed broad substrate specificities toward various PAHs and aliphatic compounds as sole carbon sources. These strains exhibited promising characteristics, including biosurfactant production, high cell hydrophobicity, biofilm formation and no antagonistic interactions, and contained genes encoding hydrocarbon-degrading enzymes. The mixed bacterial consortium combining S103, J101 and Y502, showed more effective syntrophic degradation of two types of refined petroleum products, diesel and fuel oils, than monocultures. The defined consortium immobilized on plastic balls achieved over 50% removal efficiency of high fuel oil concentration (3000 mg L-1) in a synthetic medium and contaminated freshwater. Furthermore, the immobilized cells simultaneously degraded more than 46% of total fuel oil adsorbed on plastic balls in both culture systems. SEM imaging confirmed that the immobilized consortium exhibited biofilm formation with the bacterial community covering most of the bioball surface, resulting in high bacterial survival against toxic contaminants. The results of this study showed the potential use of the cooperative interaction between Rhodococcus and Mycolicibacterium as immobilized bioballs for the bioremediation of fuel oilcontaminated environments. Additionally, this research has motivated further investigations into the development of bioremediation products for fuel oil degradation.
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