Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 286, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131670
Keywords
Microplastics; Biodegradation; Environment; Microorganisms
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [355254, 447075]
- TechnoRem Inc.
- James and Joanne Love Chair in Environmental Engineering
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Plastic use is expanding, especially in the form of microplastics, which are posing a global threat to ecosystems and human health. Current research focuses on biotechnological methods for removing microplastics, but further studies are needed to develop more effective strategies.
Plastics use is growing due to its applications in the economy, human health and aesthetics. The major plastic particles in the form of microplastics (MPs) released into the environment are made up of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Tremendous usage and continuous accumulation of MPs in the environment pose a global threat to ecosystems and human health. The current knowledge of biotechnological, aerobic and aerobic biodegradation approaches emphasizes the microbial culture's potential towards MPs removal. This review selectively provides recent biotechnological advances such as biostimulation, bioaugmentation and enzymatic biodegradation that can be applied for MPs removal by biodegradation and bioaccumulation. This review summarizes the knowledge and the research exploration on the biodegradation of synthetic organic MPs with different biodegradability. However, further research is still needed to understand the underlying mechanism of MPs biodegradation in soil and water systems, leading to the development of an effective method for MPs removal.
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