Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 430, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.133170
Keywords
Fluidized-bed homogeneous crystallization; Zinc sulfide; Hydraulic retention time; Cross-sectional surface loading; Crystallization ratio
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 110-2622-E-006-024-CC2]
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This study utilizes a novel method, fluidized-bed homogeneous crystallization, to remove sulfide ions from wastewater. By homogeneously crystallizing ZnS using zinc as a precipitant, the production of sludge in the conventional chemical precipitation process is reduced. The study establishes the optimal pH value, [Zn2+](0)/[S2-](0) ratio, sulfide cross-sectional surface loading, and hydraulic retention time to optimize the sulfur removal efficiency.
Sulfide wastewater that is anthropogenically generated from industrial activities is highly corrosive, hazardous, and harms the natural ecosystem. This study uses a novel fluidized-bed homogeneous crystallization (FBHC) method to remove sulfide ions from an aqueous solution. Zinc is used as a precipitant to crystallize ZnS homogeneously in the FBHC reactor to reduce the sludge, which is commonly produced in a conventional chemical precipitation process. The optimal pH value, [Zn2+](0)/[S2-](0) (M) ratio, sulfide cross-sectional surface loading (L, kgS/m(2).hr), and hydraulic retention time (HRT) for the system are established, to optimize the sulfur removal efficiency. The maximum crystallization ratio and the total removal efficiency for sulfur are 97.7% and 98.8%, respectively, at pH = 5.4, a [Zn2+](0)/[S2-](0 M) ratio of 1, a cross-sectional surface loading of 2.2 kg-S/m(2).hr, and an HRT number of 6 with an initial sulfur concentration of 320 mg/L. The solid products are collected and identified as zinc sulfide (wurtzite) using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
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