Alkaline pre-fermentation for anaerobic digestion of polyacrylamide flocculated sludge: Simultaneously enhancing methane production and polyacrylamide degradation

The residual Polyacrylamide (PAM) in sewage sludge might cause severe disturbance in anaerobic digestion, and appropriate solutions to alleviate such situation are urgently required. In present study, alkaline pre-fermentation was proposed for PAM-flocculated sewage sludge (PFS) pretreatment, by which both PFS methane production and PAM degradation were remarkably enhanced. Under the optimal alkaline pre-fermentation condition (pH 10 for 12 d), the biochemical methane potential of PFS (12 g PAM/kg TS) increased from 107.2 to 246.6 mL/g VS, the hydrolysis rate increased from 0.109 to 0.197 d(-1), and the degradation efficiency of PAM increased from 30.6% to 80.1%. Mechanism analysis indicated that the alkaline pre-fermentation broke the large PAM-sludge floccules, decreased the molecular weight of PAM, which alleviated the disturbance situation of PAM-present digester and made PAM more available for microbes to be biodegraded. Moreover, PFS hydrolysis and acidification were simultaneously accelerated by alkaline pre-fermentation, thereby providing more bioavailable carbon substrates for subsequent methane producing and PAM co-metabolism. Microbial community analysis demonstrated syntrophic bacteria such as Petrimonas and Sedimentibacter, which had ability to degrade an extensive range of various types of organics including carbohydrates and PAM, were enriched in alkaline pre-fermenter, and the acetotrophic methanogen Methanosaeta, were elevated in anaerobic digester. This work provides an effective microbial based strategy to improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of PFS.

Automated summary

Alkaline pre-fermentation was proposed as a method to enhance both methane production and PAM degradation of PAM-flocculated sewage sludge, improving the efficiency of anaerobic digestion. Microbial community analysis showed enrichment of syntrophic bacteria in the alkaline pre-fermenter and elevated levels of acetotrophic methanogen in the anaerobic digester, contributing to the success of this microbial based strategy.