Journal
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 47, Issue 20, Pages 29320-29327Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.07.097
Keywords
Cyclone's clay; Feeder's clay; Foamed geopolymer; Non-foamed geopolymer; Compressive strength
Categories
Funding
- National Research Centre, Egypt [12010417]
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By recycling waste clays, non-foamed and foamed geopolymers were successfully prepared. Geopolymers made from calcined Feeder's waste-clay exhibited the best compressive strength, while geopolymers made from a mixture of 50% calcined Feeder's waste-clay and 50% calcined Cyclone's waste-clay also showed good compressive strength. Additionally, foamed geopolymer with suitable compressive strength was prepared from calcined Cyclone's waste-clay, showing higher apparent porosity and lower bulk density than non-foamed geopolymers.
In this work, an attempt to recycle Cyclones' and Feeders' waste-clays in fabrication of non-foamed and foamed geopolymers was performed. These industrial solid wastes are created as by-products from refractory industry. Firstly, the starting clay-wastes were converted into metakaolin by calcination at 850 degrees C. The calcined and uncalcined wastes were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and FT-IR. The calcined and uncalcined waste-clays were mixed with the suitable amounts of alkali activator to produce non-foamed and foamed geopolymers. The phase composition, physical properties, compressive strength and microstructure of the prepared geopolymers were examined by X-ray technique, Archimedes water-displacement method, hydraulic mechanical testing machine, and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results revealed that non-foamed and foamed geopolymers were successfully prepared from the selected waste clays. The geopolymer that prepared from calcined Feeder's waste-clay exhibited the best compressive strength (29.4 MPa) among the other non foamed geopolymers. The geopolymer prepared from 50% calcined Feeder's waste-clay and 50% calcined Cyclone's waste-clay exhibited also good compressive strength (19.6 MPa). Moreover, geopolymer foam with suitable compressive strength (8.46 MPa) was prepared from calcined Cyclone's waste-clay. The foamed geopolymer had higher apparent porosity and lower bulk density than the non-foamed geopolymers.
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