Journal
CELL
Volume 185, Issue 4, Pages 585-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.039
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Funding
- SNSF [323530_171148, 183980, PMPDP3_171261/1, PCEFP3_194618/1, 320030_188576, 310030_204326, 31003A_172848, FZEB-0180487, 310030_192677]
- Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft Basel
- Nikolaus und Bertha Burckhardt-Burgin-Stiftung
- Novartis Foundation [17C141]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [310030_192677, 323530_171148, PMPDP3_171261, 31003A_172848, PCEFP3_194618, 320030_188576, 310030_204326] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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This study reveals the importance of extracellular magnesium in cellular immunity, particularly in the activation of the co-stimulatory molecule LFA-1. The findings demonstrate that magnesium-sufficiency enhances the function of immune cells and the effectiveness of T cell therapies. Low serum magnesium levels are associated with disease progression and reduced overall survival in patients receiving CAR T cell and immune checkpoint antibody treatments.
The relevance of extracellular magnesium in cellular immunity remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the co-stimulatory cell-surface molecule LFA-1 requires magnesium to adopt its active conformation on CD8(+) T cells, thereby augmenting calcium flux, signal transduction, metabolic reprogramming, immune synapse formation, and, as a consequence, specific cytotoxicity. Accordingly, magnesium-sufficiency sensed via LFA-1 translated to the superior performance of pathogen- and tumor-specific T cells, enhanced effectiveness of bi-specific T cell engaging antibodies, and improved CAR T cell function. Clinically, low serum magnesium levels were associated with more rapid disease progression and shorter overall survival in CAR T cell and immune checkpoint antibody-treated patients. LFA-1 thus directly incorporates information on the composition of the microenvironment as a determinant of outside-in signaling activity. These findings conceptually link co-stimulation and nutrient sensing and point to the magnesium-LFA-1 axis as a therapeutically amenable biologic system.
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