Multi-targeted therapy of cancer by omega-3 fatty acids-an update

Low in dietary 033 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption has been associated with increased incidence of cancers. Many basic and clinical studies have been conducted over the last several decades. We previously reviewed multi-targeted therapy of cancer by omega-3 fatty acids in 2008, and since hundreds of new clinical trials are being conducted to validate the effectiveness of 033 PUFA in cancer therapy. Because of the availability of such large amount of clinical trial data, in this update we summarize clinical data, sort out trials that show promising results, and discuss potential mechanism(s) responsible for the clinical outcomes. It appears that 033 PUFA mainly affects cancer-associated symptoms, namely cachexia, inflammation, neuropathy, post operative complications and quality of life. Mechanisms responsible for these effects are possible regulation of skeletal muscle protein turnover, inflammatory response and neuron cell survive by 033 PUFA.

Automated summary

Low dietary intake of 033 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with increased cancer incidence. Numerous clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of 033 PUFA in cancer therapy, possibly through regulating skeletal muscle protein turnover, inflammatory responses, and neuronal cell survival.