Journal
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
Volume 16, Issue 23, Pages 8359-8364Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2016.2608719
Keywords
Biosensor; field effect transistor; flexible electronics; graphene; inkjet printing
Funding
- Texas State University Multi-Investigator Research Grant
- Western Regional Center for Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research Career Development Grant [CD007, NIH/NIAID 5U54A1057156-08]
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In this paper, we present a graphene field effect transistor (FET) fabricated on a flexible Kapton substrate using 3-D inkjet printing for use as a biosensor to detect infectious organisms. Inkjet printing process of graphene film is described with sheet resistance as low as 110 Omega/sq. To suppress background noises, the biosensors are based on intensity changes of the ac signal as a function of the biological agents' concentration. Using the foodborne pathogen, Norovirus, as a proof-of-concept disease target, the value of S12 (i.e., the voltage gain from source to drain) at 10 GHz generates a linear response from 0.07 to 3.70 dB when the concentration of Norovirus protein increases from 0.1 to 100 mu g/ml. While further studies are needed to improve surface functionalization and sensitivity, the current study establishes a linear response over three orders of magnitude indicating that the flexible graphene FET sensor has a wide dynamic range for detection of biological targets that could ultimately be applied for detection of a variety of disease-causing pathogens.
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