Journal
BRAIN INJURY
Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages 339-352Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2034183
Keywords
Military veterans; neurobehavioral symptoms; resilience; PTSD; TBI; quality of life
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs [IK2 CX001952]
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This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience and self-reported neurobehavioral functioning following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in U.S. military service members and veterans (SMVs). The results showed that resilience and PTSD strongly influence neurobehavioral functioning among SMVs following TBI, regardless of injury group and time since injury.
Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between resilience and self-reported neurobehavioral functioning following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in U.S. military service members and veterans (SMVs). A secondary objective was to examine the interaction between resilience and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on neurobehavioral functioning. Method Participants included 795 SMVs classified into four groups: Uncomplicated Mild TBI (MTBI; n=300); Complicated Mild, Moderate, Severe, or Penetrating TBI (STBI, n 162); Injured Controls (IC, n=185); and Non-injured Controls (NIC, n=148). Two independent cohorts were evaluated - those assessed within 1-year of injury and those assessed 10-years post-injury. SMVs completed self-report measures including the PTSD Checklist-Civilian version, Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory, and TBI-Quality of Life. Results Results showed that (1) lower resilience was strongly associated with poorer neurobehavioral functioning across all groups at 1-year and 10-years post-injury, and (2) PTSD and resilience had a robust influence on neurobehavioral functioning at both time periods post-injury, such that SMVs with PTSD and low resilience displayed the poorest neurobehavioral functioning. Conclusion Results suggest that regardless of injury group and time since injury, resilience and PTSD strongly influence neurobehavioral functioning following TBI among SMVs. Future research evaluating interventions designed to enhance resilience in this population is indicated.
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