Novel serological biomarker models composed of bone turnover markers, vitamin D, and estradiol and their auxiliary diagnostic value in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty

Objective: To establish serological biomarker models composed of bone turnover markers (BTMs), vitamin D (Vit D), and estradiol (E2) and to explore their auxiliary diagnostic value in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). Methods: Ninety-three girls with ICPP and 93 healthy girls were included in the ICPP group and the control group, respectively. The serum levels of total procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin (N-MID), beta-C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (beta-CTX), Vit D, E2, and other biochemical parameters were detected in all participants. Serological biomarker models for assistance with ICPP diagnosis were established by logistic regression analyses. Results: Serum P1NP, beta-CTX, Vit D, and E2 levels differed significantly between the two groups (p < 0.05). Three models were established. Model 1 consisted of P1NP and beta-CTX, and had an area under curve (AUC) of 0.764, sensitivity of 74.19%, and specificity of 72.04%. Model 2 consisted of P1NP, beta-CTX, and Vit D, and had an AUC of 0.840, sensitivity of 83.87%, and specificity of 72.04%. Model 3 consisted of P1NP, beta-CTX, Vit D, and E2, and had an AUC of 0.917, sensitivity of 82.80%, and specificity of 86.02%. Conclusions: Serum P1NP, beta-CTX, Vit D, and E2 levels may be effective indicators for auxiliary diagnosis of ICPP. Serological biomarker models composed of P1NP, beta-CTX, Vit D, and E2 (models 1, 2, and 3) may have auxiliary diagnostic value for ICPP.

Automated summary

The study found that serum levels of P1NP, beta-CTX, Vit D, and E2 may be effective indicators for the auxiliary diagnosis of idiopathic central precocious puberty. Three serum biomarker models composed of P1NP and beta-CTX, P1NP, beta-CTX, and Vit D, and P1NP, beta-CTX, Vit D, and E2 respectively, showed varying sensitivity and specificity for ICPP diagnosis.