Journal
BIOTROPICA
Volume 54, Issue 1, Pages 91-99Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/btp.13031
Keywords
biogeography; Cavanillesia chicamochae; Chicamocha Canyon; climate; Colombia; conservation; phylogeography; seasonally dry tropical forests
Categories
Funding
- Colciencias Joven Investigador scholarship
- Smithsonian Institution
- Swedish Research Council [2017-04980]
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [2012/13248]
- European Research Council [741413]
- Vinnova [2017-04980] Funding Source: Vinnova
- Swedish Research Council [2017-04980] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
- European Research Council (ERC) [741413] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Utilizing DNA sequence data, this study delves into the evolutionary history of the genus Cavanillesia, with a focus on the endemic C. chicamochae in the Chicamocha Canyon of Colombia. The research reveals marked genetic differentiation within populations of C. chicamochae in the canyon, likely influenced by climate change and local landscape processes. The findings underscore the urgent need for conservation efforts to preserve the unique biodiversity in the region.
We use DNA sequence data to understand the evolutionary history of the genus Cavanillesia (Malvaceae), with particular emphasis on C. chicamochae, an emblematic succulent-trunked tree endemic to seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs) of the Chicamocha Canyon of Colombia, South America. Based on field sampling of multiple individuals from different populations, we inferred a phylogeny calibrated into absolute time using robust macrofossil information. We show strong support for a monophyletic Cavanillesia chicamochae, with a mean stem age of 1.46 Ma. Two different mechanisms could explain its origin, either a late uplift age of the eastern cordillera or increased dryness of the Chicamocha Canyon during the Middle Pleistocene Transition. We also find marked genetic differentiation of its populations within the Chicamocha Canyon, likely driven by a combination of climate change and local landscape processes. Our results suggest that within northern inter-Andean SDTFs, as has been demonstrated in the central Andes, dispersal limitation leads to species and even population monophyly within individual valleys. The genetic differentiation of populations of C. chicamochae, together with the presence of other endemic and threatened species in the Chicamocha Canyon, calls for urgent management to conserve the unique biodiversity in the region. Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
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