Optogenetic strategies for the control of gene expression in yeasts

Optogenetics involves the use of light to control cellular functions and has become increasingly popular in various areas of research, especially in the precise control of gene expression. While this technology is already well established in neurobiology and basic research, its use in bioprocess development is still emerging. Some optogenetic switches have been implemented in yeasts for different purposes, taking advantage of a wide repertoire of biological parts and relatively easy genetic manipulation. In this review, we cover the current strategies used for the construction of yeast strains to be used in optogenetically controlled protein or metabolite production, as well as the operational aspects to be considered for the scale-up of this type of process. Finally, we discuss the main applications of optogenetic switches in yeast systems and highlight the main advantages and challenges of bioprocess development considering future directions for this field.

Automated summary

Optogenetics, a technology that uses light to control cellular functions, has been widely used in neurobiology and basic research. Its application in bioprocess development, specifically for the precise control of protein or metabolite production in yeast, is still emerging. This review covers the strategies for constructing yeast strains, operational considerations, and discusses the main applications and challenges of optogenetic switches in yeast systems.