Multidimensional approaches of biogas production and up-gradation: Opportunities and challenges

The expanding interest towards biogas generation from biowaste via complex anaerobic digestion (AD) opened new avenues in the improvement of biogas production processes and their up-gradation. The adsorption/removal of impurities particularly hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the biogas stream will significantly improve the efficiency of biogas for its further use as a renewable energy fuel. The production and upgradation of biogas rely upon the types of feedstocks, AD condition, microbial diversity, purification methods along with the application of various additives. In that context, this review aims to emphasize the current state of the art in the field of biogas production via AD using diverse bio-waste. Further, this review will critically explore the biogas up-gradation technologies adopted so far and their pros and cons. Finally, techno-economic and environmental impact assessment of the biogas production process will be underlined to make the process costeffective and environmentally sustainable.

Automated summary

The interest in biogas generation from biowaste via anaerobic digestion has led to advancements in production processes and upgradation technologies. Removing impurities like H2S and CO2 from biogas stream enhances its efficiency as a renewable energy source. Success in biogas production and upgradation depends on factors like feedstocks, microbial diversity, and purification methods.