Integrated biorefinery processes for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to value added materials: Paving a path towards circular economy

Lignocellulosic biomass is an effective and sustainable alternative for petroleum-derived fuels and chemicals to produce biofuels and bio-based products. Despite the high availability, the degradation of biomass is a substantial challenge. Hence, it is necessary to integrate several unit processes such as biochemical, thermochemical, physical, and catalytic conversion to produce wide range of bio-based products. Integrating these processes enhances the yield, reduces the reaction time, and can be cost-effective. Process integration could significantly lead to various outcomes which guides towards the circular economy. This review addresses integration of several biorefinery processes for the production of multifaceted products. In addition, modern and sustainable biorefinery technologies are discussed to pave the path towards circular economy through the closed-loop approach.

Automated summary

Lignocellulosic biomass serves as an effective and sustainable alternative for producing biofuels and bio-based products, but its degradation poses a significant challenge. Integrating multiple unit processes is essential to produce a wider range of bio-based products, which can enhance yield, reduce reaction time, and lower costs. Process integration can lead to various outcomes that guide towards the development of circular economy.