Journal
BIOFOULING
Volume 37, Issue 9-10, Pages 949-963Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1985474
Keywords
bivalves; disease; transmission; Saccostrea glomerata; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Crassostrea gigas
Funding
- MPI's Operational Research Programme [405365]
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The laboratory experiments showed that Pacific oysters could transmit OsHV-1 virus through biofouling, indicating the complexity of pathogen spread and the need for further research to inform future risk assessments and management strategies.
Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) has caused mass mortalities in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. While aquaculture-associated movements of infected Pacific oysters are a well-known cause of OsHV-1 spread once established in a region, translocation via biofouling of aquaculture equipment or vessels needs further investigation to explain the more distant spread of OsHV-1. Laboratory experiments were designed to test for transmission of OsHV-1 between infected and naive Pacific oysters via a simulated biofouling translocation scenario. Three common biofouling species [Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea glomerata), Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and Pacific oysters] were tested as intermediaries using a cohabitation challenge with Pacific oysters infected by injection. Transmission occurred, albeit for one of eight replicates when Pacific oysters were the intermediary species. This demonstrated a possible pathway for pathogen spread via biofouling containing Pacific oysters while highlighting the complexity of OsHV-1 transmission. Such complexities require further investigation to inform future risk assessments and management of fouled aquaculture equipment and vessels.
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