Journal
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 192, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114754
Keywords
Microglia; Neuroprotection; Neuroinflammation; Heterogeneity; Single cell resolution; Alzheimer's disease
Categories
Funding
- MEXT
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKEN [20H03569]
- Hoansha Foundation
- Smoking Research Foundation
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN)
- Singapore National Research Foundation Senior Investigatorship (NRFI) [NRF2016NRF-NRFI001-02]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20H03569] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Microglia are specialized macrophages in the central nervous system that play key roles in brain immunity, development, and homeostasis. Recent advances in single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomic technologies have revealed the heterogeneity of microglia and their involvement in brain pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease. Understanding microglial biology at the single-cell level may lead to new therapeutic targets for treating neuroinflammatory conditions like AD.
Microglia are specialized macrophages that reside within the central nervous system and play key roles in brain immunity, development and homeostasis. Recent studies also revealed functions of microglia in neuroprotection and neuroinflammation, leading to the discovery that microglia are involved in several brain pathologies including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the beneficial and detrimental actions of this intriguing cell population can be challenging to dissect: the advent of single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomic technologies has revolutionized our understanding of the heterogeneity of multiple cell types and is now being applied to the study of microglia in health and disease. Here, we review recent findings on microglial biology, focusing on insights from single cell transcriptomic studies and the heterogeneity that they reveal, and consider the impact of these findings on our understanding of AD. We also discuss how microglia might represent a next-generation therapeutic target for treatment of AD and other neuroinflammatory conditions.
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