Breast cancer screening in average and high-risk women

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females world-wide with rising incidence. In the United States, screening mammography and advances in therapy have lowered mortality by 41% since 1990. Screening mammography is supported by randomized control trials (RCT), observational studies, and com-puter model data. Digital breast tomosynthesis is a new technol-ogy that addresses limitations in mammography resulting from overlapping breast tissue, improving its sensitivity and specificity. Patients at high risk for breast cancer include those with a >= 20% lifetime risk, high-risk germline mutation, or history of thoracic radiation treatment between 10-30 years of age. Such patients are recommended to undergo annual screening mammography and adjunctive annual screening breast MRI. Patients unable to un-dergo MRI may undergo whole breast ultrasound or contrast -enhanced mammography. Pregnant and lactating patients at average risk for breast cancer are recommended to undergo age -appropriate screening mammography.(c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females worldwide. Screening mammography and advancements in therapy have significantly reduced mortality. Digital breast tomosynthesis is a new technology that improves the sensitivity and specificity of mammography. High-risk patients should undergo regular screening, and pregnant and lactating women should also receive age-appropriate screening.