Journal
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
Volume 306, Issue 1, Pages 49-57Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06263-9
Keywords
Syndromic craniosynostosis; Apert syndrome; Saethre Chotzen syndrome; Prenatal ultrasound
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Funding
- Projekt DEAL
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This study investigated sonographic signs of different syndromic craniosynostoses and associated malformations, identifying characteristic changes in head shape and potential genetic mutations. For suspected cases, genetic, neonatal, and surgical counseling is recommended, along with fetal MRI screening for accurate diagnosis and planning delivery in a perinatal center.
Purpose Syndromic craniosynostosis is a rare genetic disease caused by premature fusion of one or multiple cranial sutures combined with malformations of other organs. The aim of this publication is to investigate sonographic signs of different syndromic craniosynostoses and associated malformations to facilitate a precise and early diagnosis. Methods We identified in the period of 2000-2019 thirteen cases with a prenatal suspected diagnosis of syndromic craniosynostosis at our department. We analyzed the ultrasound findings, MRI scans, genetic results as well as the mode of delivery, and postnatal procedures. Results Eight children were diagnosed with Apert Syndrome, two with Saethre Chotzen syndrome, one with Crouzon syndrome, and one with Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome. One child had a mutation p.(Pro253Leu) in the FGFR2 gene. We identified characteristic changes of the head shape as well as typical associated malformations. Conclusion Second trimester diagnosis of syndromic craniosynostosis is feasible based on the identified sonographic signs. In case of a suspected diagnosis a genetic, neonatal as well as surgical counseling is recommended. We also recommend to offer a fetal MRI. The delivery should be planned in a perinatal center.
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