Facile preparation of robust superhydrophobic ceramic surfaces with mechanical stability, durability, and self-cleaning function

Superhydrophobic surfaces have aroused considerable attention because of their extensive potential applications, but such surfaces are mechanically weak which is a major limitation hindering their practical applications. Herein, we develop a facile strategy for fabricating robust superhydrophobic surfaces on zirconia ceramic substrates. The robust micro/nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces are obtained via the direct ablation using a femtosecond laser without extra chemical modification. The experimental results demonstrate that the superhydrophobicity results from the special micro/nanostructures and the adsorbed chemical compounds from the air. Notably, these surfaces can retain their superhydrophobicity after being rubbed with an 800# grit sandpaper for 8 m at a contact pressure of 4.4 kPa, indicating superior mechanical stability. Moreover, the durability and self-cleaning functions of the obtained surfaces are also demonstrated. We envision that this work not only provides a facile and environmentally friendly approach for constructing robust superhydrophobic surfaces with excellent mechanical stability, but also inspires new applications of zirconia ceramics, especially in various extreme environments.

Automated summary

An easy strategy for fabricating robust superhydrophobic surfaces on zirconia ceramic substrates was developed using femtosecond laser ablation, without the need for extra chemical modification. The surfaces obtained showed excellent mechanical stability, durability, and self-cleaning functions, retaining superhydrophobicity even after being rubbed with sandpaper. The special micro/nanostructures and adsorbed chemical compounds were found to contribute to the superhydrophobicity of the surfaces.