Synthesis, structure, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities of Co (III) complexes based on the antihypertensive hydralazine

The antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities of four cobalt (III) complexes, [CoL2]X (X = ClO4 over bar (1); OAc over bar (2), Cl over bar (3), or NO3 over bar (4) with hydralazine Schiff base derivative (HL), were presented. The structure of the newly synthesized complexes 1 and 2 was confirmed utilizing FTIR, UV-Vis, and NMR (H-1 and C-13) spectroscopy. In addition, single crystal X-ray diffraction was used to approve the structure of complex 1. Based on Hirshfeld analysis, the molecular packing of 1 is controlled by short H(sic)H, O(sic)H, N(sic)H, and H(sic)C(pi) interactions. The results of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for the Co (III) complexes revealed the characteristic peaks of Co-2p3/2 and Co-2p1/2 with binding energy differences of 14.85-14.96 which greatly approved that the Co (III) complexes have been assembled successfully. Complex 4 (IC50 = 14.97 +/- 0.59 mu g/ml) has the highest cytotoxicity against lung carcinoma A-549 cell line compared to the rest of the Co (III) complexes and the free ligand as well. Also, complex 4 has the best antioxidant activity with IC50 of 283.4 +/- 12.3 mu g/ml. The free ligand has broad spectrum of antibacterial and antifungal actions, while the studied Co (III) complexes have good antibacterial activity especially the chloride complex 3.

Automated summary

This study synthesized four cobalt (III) complexes and evaluated their antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. Complex 4 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against lung carcinoma cells and the best antioxidant activity.