Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 41, 2021
Volume 41, Issue -, Pages 333-361Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-052020-041327
Keywords
intermittent fasting; cardiometabolic health; appetite; sleep; gut microbiome; safety; 5:2 diet; time-restricted eating; alternate-day fasting
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [R01 DK119783]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Intermittent fasting can reduce blood pressure, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress, benefiting cardiometabolic health. However, its effects on LDL cholesterol and triglycerides vary. Other health benefits include improved appetite regulation and changes in gut microbiome diversity, but evidence is limited.
This review aims to summarize the effects of intermittent fasting on markers of cardiometabolic health in humans. All forms of fasting reviewed here-alternate-day fasting (ADF), the 5:2 diet, and time-restricted eating (TRE)-produced mild to moderate weight loss (1-8% from baseline) and consistent reductions in energy intake (10-30% from baseline). These regimens may benefit cardiometabolic health by decreasing blood pressure, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels are also lowered, but findings are variable. Other health benefits, such as improved appetite regulation and favorable changes in the diversity of the gut microbiome, have also been demonstrated, but evidence for these effects is limited. Intermittent fasting is generally safe and does not result in energy level disturbances or increased disordered eating behaviors. In summary, intermittent fasting is a safe diet therapy that can produce clinically significant weight loss (>5%) and improve several markers of metabolic health in individuals with obesity.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available