The Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in Persons With Naturally Acquired Immunity With and Without Subsequent Receipt of a Single Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine A Retrospective Cohort Study

Article Immunology

Duration of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Natural Immunity and Protection Against the Delta Variant: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Priscilla Kim et al.

Summary: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 provides strong protection against reinfection with the Delta variant, and natural immunity from prior infection lasts for at least 13 months.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

Add to Collection

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Are Greenland, Ioannidis and Poole opposed to the Cornfield conditions? A defence of the E-value

Tyler J. VanderWeele

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection

Article Immunology

A Single Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Primes a Strong Humoral Immune Response in COVID-19-Recovered Patients

Waleed H. Mahallawi et al.

Summary: The study recruited 136 participants, including 75 men and 61 women. Results showed that participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed significant anti-S IgG antibody levels after receiving either the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA or the Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccine. In participants aged 60 years and older, a second vaccine dose was necessary to achieve higher levels of antibody.

VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection

Article Immunology

The Effectiveness of the Two-Dose BNT162b2 Vaccine: Analysis of Real-World Data

Gabriel Chodick et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine in Israel, showing a significantly reduced incidence of infection during the protection period compared to the reference period. The vaccine demonstrated 90% effectiveness in preventing infection and 94% effectiveness against COVID-19, with lower efficacy observed in immunosuppressed elderly individuals.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

Add to Collection

Article Infectious Diseases

T-cell and antibody responses to first BNT162b2 vaccine dose in previously infected and SARS-CoV-2-naive UK health-care workers: a multicentre prospective cohort study

Adrienn Angyal et al.

Summary: This study compares immune responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in healthcare workers with and without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results show that previously infected individuals have stronger spike-specific T-cell and antibody responses after receiving a single dose of the vaccine compared to SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals. This suggests that a single dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine is likely to provide better protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with previous infection.

LANCET MICROBE (2022)

Add to Collection

Article Cell Biology

A single mRNA vaccine dose in COVID-19 patients boosts neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern

Marit J. van Gils et al.

Summary: The study evaluated antibody responses following BNT162b2 vaccination in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that a single dose of the vaccine administered within 15 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection produced higher levels of neutralizing antibodies compared to two vaccine doses in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals.

CELL REPORTS MEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

The Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in Persons With Naturally Acquired Immunity With and Without Subsequent Receipt of a Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine A Retrospective Cohort Study

Sivan Gazit et al.

Summary: This study compared the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in individuals with prior infection who received a single dose of BNT162b2 vaccine to those who did not. Results showed a significantly decreased risk of reinfection and symptomatic disease in vaccinated individuals. While reinfection was rare, vaccination provided additional protection for previously infected individuals.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection

Letter Infectious Diseases

Setting the criteria for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection - six possible cases

Sara Tomassini et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2021)

Add to Collection

Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

What reinfections mean for COVID-19

Akiko Iwasaki

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Microbiology

Prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 boosts and broadens Ad26.COV2.S immunogenicity in a variant-dependent manner

Roanne Keeton et al.

Summary: The study shows that vaccination with Ad26.COV2.S after infection can significantly enhance protection against COVID-19, especially against different virus variants. In addition, the vaccine also induces robust CD4 and CD8 T cell responses, regardless of prior infection.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Viral loads of Delta-variant SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections after vaccination and booster with BNT162b2

Matan Levine-Tiefenbrun et al.

Summary: The study found that the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine in reducing viral loads of breakthrough infections decreases over time. However, this reduction in viral load can be restored by receiving a third vaccine dose.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Waning Immunity after the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Israel

Yair Goldberg et al.

Summary: The immunity against the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 waned in all age groups in Israel a few months after receiving the second dose of the vaccine, leading to an increase in infection and severe cases.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Waning Immune Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine over 6 Months

Einav G. Levin et al.

Summary: A study in Israel revealed that waning immunity after receiving two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine led to an increase in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Levels of spike-binding IgG and neutralizing antibodies decreased more significantly in men, individuals aged 65 or older, and immunosuppressed individuals in a longitudinal study involving nearly 4000 healthcare workers.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Waning of BNT162b2 Vaccine Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Qatar

Hiam Chemaitelly et al.

Summary: In a study conducted in Qatar involving over 900,000 participants, vaccine effectiveness peaked at 77.5% in the first month after the second dose. However, it declined afterwards to as low as 20% in months 5 through 7 after vaccination, while protection against severe Covid-19 remained above 90% for at least 6 months.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting

Noa Dagan et al.

Summary: A study conducted in Israel on nearly 600,000 individuals showed that the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was effective in reducing the risk of infection, hospitalization, and severe Covid-19. The effectiveness in preventing death was 72% during the period from day 14 through day 20 after the first dose, and hospitalization was reduced by 87% for the period 7 or more days after the second dose, similar to results from a randomized trial.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2-breakthrough infections to time-from-vaccine

Barak Mizrahi et al.

Summary: The study indicates preliminary evidence of waning vaccine effectiveness of BNT162b2 among all age groups above 16, with a higher incidence of infection in those vaccinated earlier in 2021. Further investigation into long-term protection against different strains is warranted.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Cell Biology

High-affinity memory B cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection produce more plasmablasts and atypical memory B cells than those primed by mRNA vaccines

Kathryn A. Pape et al.

Summary: Infection-induced primary MBCs have better antigen-binding capacity and generate more plasmablasts and secondary MBCs compared to vaccine-induced primary MBCs. These results suggest that infection-induced primary MBCs have undergone more affinity maturation and produce more robust secondary responses.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Previous COVID-19 Infection and Antibody Levels After Vaccination

Hamad Ali et al.

Summary: Individuals with previous COVID-19 infection showed higher and more sustained levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination compared to those without previous infection. Vaccinated individuals without previous COVID-19 infection experienced a faster decline in IgG and neutralizing antibodies compared to those with prior infection. Efforts should be made to prioritize vaccination for more individuals, especially those without previous COVID-19 infection, due to inconsistent vaccine supply globally.

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

Add to Collection

Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Correlates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection

Florian Krammer

LANCET (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Assessment of protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among 4 million PCR-tested individuals in Denmark in 2020: a population-level observational study

Christian Holm Hansen et al.

Summary: The study investigated the protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, with results showing an 80.5% protection rate for individuals previously infected. Even in the population aged 65 years and older, the protection rate against reinfection reached 47.1%, with no significant differences observed by gender or time since infection.

LANCET (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Impact and effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 cases, hospitalisations, and deaths following a nationwide vaccination campaign in Israel: an observational study using national surveillance data

Eric J. Haas et al.

Summary: This study assessed the real-world effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 in Israel, showing high efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospitalizations, severe disease, and death. As vaccine coverage increased, there were marked declines in SARS-CoV-2 outcomes, indicating that COVID-19 vaccination can help control the pandemic.

LANCET (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

COVID-19 dynamics after a national immunization program in Israel

Hagai Rossman et al.

Summary: This study analyzed data from the Israeli Ministry of Health to investigate the real-life impact of a national vaccination campaign on the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings revealed a significant and early decrease in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations in individuals aged 60 years and older who were prioritized for vaccination, indicating the effectiveness of the vaccine rollout in reducing the spread of the virus.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Emulating a Randomised Controlled Trial With Observational Data: An Introduction to the Target Trial Framework

Stephen A. Kutcher et al.

Summary: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the highest quality of evidence, but observational studies can also mimic their effects. Using the target trial framework, observational studies can successfully emulate RCTs by focusing on key design elements.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Infectious Diseases

Faster decay of neutralizing antibodies in never infected than previously infected healthcare workers three months after the second BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose

Ilaria Vicenti et al.

Summary: The study found that uninfected healthcare workers had significantly lower neutralizing antibody levels compared to previously infected healthcare workers after vaccination. Additionally, there was a notable decline in neutralizing antibodies among uninfected healthcare workers after vaccination, suggesting the potential benefit of a third vaccine dose.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Naturally enhanced neutralizing breadth against SARS-CoV-2 one year after infection

Zijun Wang et al.

Summary: Despite challenges posed by COVID-19 variants, convalescent individuals receiving mRNA vaccines exhibit robust and long-lasting immune responses against circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing hope for effective control of the pandemic.

NATURE (2021)

Add to Collection

Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A correlate of protection for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is urgently needed

Florian Krammer

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Protection of BNT162b2 Vaccine Booster against Covid-19 in Israel

Yinon M. Bar-On et al.

Summary: After receiving a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, Israeli residents aged 60 and above who had previously received two doses of the vaccine saw significantly lower rates of confirmed Covid-19 infection and severe illness compared to those who did not receive a booster shot, indicating the effectiveness of the booster dose in reducing infection and severe illness.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Sustained Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Against COVID-19 Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults — United States, March–July 2021

Mark W. Tenforde et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Evolution of antibody responses up to 13 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk of reinfection

Floriane Gallais et al.

Summary: The study revealed a triphasic kinetic model of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent individuals, showing long-term persistence and reduced risk of reinfection. Vaccination significantly increased antibody titers, enhancing protection against variants.

EBIOMEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection

Article Health Care Sciences & Services