Journal
ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY
Volume 101, Issue 5, Pages 1023-1030Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-04802-1
Keywords
Myelodysplastic syndrome; Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; Metformin; Statin; Sulfonylurea
Categories
Funding
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research by the Government of Ontario
- ICES - Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC)
- BMS
- Takeda
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Observational studies suggest that statins, metformin, and DPP4i may have an anti-neoplastic effect in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), while sulfonylureas may have no benefit or even be detrimental. However, larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Observational studies suggest an anti-neoplastic effect associated with statins, metformin, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), while sulfonylureas may have a neutral or detrimental effect. We linked the Ontario subset of a prospective Canadian myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) registry with provincial administrative databases. We assessed the impact of statin/oral hypoglycemic medication exposure on overall survival (OS) using Cox regression analysis, controlling for comorbidities and sociodemographic factors. Five hundred thirty-three patients aged >= 66 years were included: 49.3% used statins, 18.9% used metformin, 9.0% used sulfonylureas, and 6.4% used DPP4i. Three hundred ninety-five patients were lower-risk based on the International Prognostic Scoring System. On univariate analysis, we identified a marginal improvement in OS in the lower-risk group using DPP4i (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.00, P = 0.05), while there was no impact on mortality for higher-risk DPP4i users (HR 1.03, CI 0.99-1.07, P = 0.21). There was no mortality difference for statins (HR 1.00, CI 1.00-1.01, P = 0.93), metformin (HR 1.00, CI 0.99-1.01, P = 0.81), or sulfonylureas (HR 1.00, CI 0.99-1.02, P = 0.43) in the entire cohort, as well as when stratified into lower/higher-risk groups. On multivariable analysis in the lower-risk group, there was no association between DPP4i and OS (HR 0.98, CI 0.95-1.00, P = 0.06). Prospective studies with larger cohorts of patients and longer follow-up are required to further study the impact of DPP4i in MDS.
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