Microfluidic Fabrication of Hierarchical-Ordered ZIF-L(Zn)@Ti3C2Tx Core-Sheath Fibers for High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors

We report hierarchical-ordered ZIF-L(Zn)@Ti3C2Tx MXene core-sheath fibers, in which a ZIF-L(Zn) nanowall array sheath is grown vertically on an anisotropic Ti3C2Tx core by Ti-O-Zn/Ti-F-Zn chemical bonds. Through highly efficient microfluidic assembly and microchannel reactions, ZIF-L(Zn)@Ti3C2Tx exhibits well-developed micro-/mesoporosity, ordered ionic pathways, fast interfacial electron conduction and large-scale fabrication, significantly boosting charges dynamic transport and intercalation. The resultant ZIF-L(Zn)@Ti3C2Tx fiber presents large capacitance (1700 F cm(-3)) and outstanding rate performance in a 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. Additionally, ZIF-L(Zn)@Ti3C2Tx fiber-based solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors deliver high energy density (19.0 mWh cm(-3)), excellent capacitance (854 F cm(-3)), large deformable/wearable capabilities and long-time cyclic stability (20 000 cycles), which realize natural sunlight-induced self-powered applications to drive water level/earthquake alarm devices.

Automated summary

Hierarchical-ordered ZIF-L(Zn)@Ti3C2Tx MXene core-sheath fibers exhibit well-developed micro-/mesoporosity, ordered ionic pathways, fast interfacial electron conduction, and large-scale fabrication, significantly enhancing charges dynamic transport and intercalation. The resulting fiber shows high capacitance and outstanding rate performance, contributing to high energy density, excellent capacitance, deformable capabilities, and long-time cyclic stability in solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors.