Journal
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 94, Issue 4, Pages 2126-2133Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04456
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Funding
- Chief Scientist's Office (Scotland) COVID-19 Rapid Response Call
- University of Strathclyde
- EngD Medical Devices CDT - EPSRC CDT in Biomedical Devices and Health Technologies [EP/L015595/1]
- NHS Research Scotland (NRS) Greater Glasgow and Clyde Biorepository
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Diagnostic practices for SARS-CoV-2 involve qPCR-based nucleic acid amplification or antigen-based tests. qPCR has high sensitivity but is time-consuming and requires expensive equipment and expertise. LFAs are low-cost and near real-time, but have lower sensitivity and are mostly qualitative. This study presents an antigen-based electrochemical aptamer sensor that can quickly detect SARS-CoV-2 in a simple measurement format.
SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic practices broadly involve either quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based nucleic amplification of viral sequences or antigen-based tests such as lateral flow assays (LFAs). Reverse transcriptase-qPCR can detect viral RNA and is the gold standard for sensitivity. However, the technique is time-consuming and requires expensive laboratory infrastructure and trained staff. LFAs are lower in cost and near real time, and because they are antigen-based, they have the potential to provide a more accurate indication of a disease state. However, LFAs are reported to have low real-world sensitivity and in most cases are only qualitative. Here, an antigen-based electrochemical aptamer sensor is presented, which has the potential to address some of these shortfalls. An aptamer, raised to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, was immobilized on a low-cost gold-coated polyester substrate adapted from the blood glucose testing industry. Clinically relevant detection levels for SARS-CoV-2 are achieved in a simple, label-free measurement format using sample incubation times as short as 15 min on nasopharyngeal swab samples. This assay can readily be optimized for mass manufacture and is compatible with a low-cost meter.
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