Journal
AMERICAN NATURALIST
Volume 199, Issue 4, Pages 523-550Publisher
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/718575
Keywords
environmental variability; rapid range expansion; body size; trophic ecology; Gulf of Alaska; California Current System
Categories
Funding
- Myers Oceanographic and Marine Biology Trust
- Conchologists of America Academic Grant
- Ester M. Lederberg Research Grant
- National Science Foundation [NSFIOS-1655529]
- Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) [HO 5569/2-1]
- [NSF IOS-1655529]
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The distributions of marine ectotherms are influenced by long-term trends in seawater temperature and dissolved oxygen, and short-term variability in these parameters can facilitate rapid range expansions. This expansion alters the body size and trophic role of invading populations, impacting resident species. Research should focus on factors impacting resource accessibility in core ranges.
The distributions of marine ectotherms are governed by physiological sensitivities to long-term trends in seawater temperature and dissolved oxygen. Short-term variability in these parameters has the potential to facilitate rapid range expansions, and the resulting ecological and socioeconomic consequences may portend those of future marine communities. Here, we combine physiological experiments with ecological and demographic surveys to assess the causes and consequences of sudden but temporary poleward range expansions of a marine ectotherm with considerable life history plasticity (California market squid, Doryteuthis opalescens). We show that sequential factors related to resource accessibility in the core range-the buildup of large populations as a result of competitive release and climate-associated temperature increase and oxygen loss that constrain aerobic activity-may drive these expansions. We also reveal that poleward range expansion alters the body size-and therefore trophic role-of invading populations, with potential negative implications for socioeconomically valuable resident species. To help forecast rapid range expansions of marine ectotherms, we advocate that research efforts focus on factors impacting resource accessibility in core ranges. Determining how environmental conditions in receiving ecosystems affect body size and how body size is related to trophic role will help refine estimates of the impacts of future marine communities.
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