Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 87, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/aji.13517
Keywords
amniotic fluid; biomarker; degree of expression; preterm labor; protein microarray; spontaneous preterm delivery
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government [2020R1F1A1048362]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2020R1F1A1048362] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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A study identified nine proteins in amniotic fluid that are independently associated with a higher risk of subsequent spontaneous preterm birth in women with preterm labor. These proteins are primarily related to immune, inflammation, and extracellular matrix pathways. The severity of risk for spontaneous preterm birth is closely linked to the expression levels of these proteins.
Problem To identify proteins present in the amniotic fluid (AF) that could be associated with spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB; delivery < 7 days) in women with preterm labor (PTL). Method of study First, the AF proteome of 20 women with PTL and SPTB was compared with that of 20 matched women with term deliveries using an antibody microarray. Next, nine identified candidate biomarkers of SPTB were further validated in 267 singleton pregnant women with PTL who underwent amniocentesis at 26-33 weeks of gestation using ELISA, and whether the degree of expression of these proteins was associated with the risk severity for subsequent SPTB was retrospectively assessed. Results Of the 507 proteins evaluated in the microarray analysis, 27 displayed significant intergroup differences. In particular, ELISA quantification confirmed that the expression of EN-RAGE, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, lipocalin-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, S100 A8/A9, and TNFR2 were all increased in the AF of women spontaneously delivering within 7 days of sampling compared with those delivering after 7 days. Moreover, the odds of SPTB within 7 days, even upon adjusting for confounders, tended to significantly increase with each increasing quartile of baseline AF levels of each protein (P-value for trend < .05). Conclusion Nine AF proteins were found to be independently associated with higher risk of subsequent SPTB in women with PTL, all of which were immune-, inflammation-, and extracellular matrix-related proteins. Moreover, risk severity for this subsequent SPTB is closely related to the degree of expression of each of these proteins.
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