Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 34, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106235
Keywords
complementary circuits; inverters; molecular weight; n-type polymers; organic electrochemical transistors; organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors
Categories
Funding
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation
- Swedish Research Council [2016-03979, 2020-03243]
- AForsk [18-313, 19-310]
- Olle Engkvists Stiftelse [204-0256]
- VINNOVA [2020-05223]
- European Commission through the Marie Sklodowska-Curie project HORATES [GA-955837]
- FET-OPEN project MITICS [GA-964677]
- Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linkoping University [SFO-Mat-LiU 2009-00971]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2019R1A2C2085290, 2019R1A6A1A11044070]
- National Science Foundation [DMR-2003518]
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Fine-tuning the molecular weight of rigid, ladder-type polymers can significantly enhance the performance of n-type OECTs, achieving record-high geometry-normalized transconductance, electron mobility, and volumetric capacitance. This improvement is attributed to more efficient intermolecular charge transport in high-molecular-weight polymers. Additionally, complementary inverters based on OECTs have demonstrated remarkable voltage gains and ultralow power consumption, making them among the best sub-1 V inverters reported to date.
Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) hold promise for developing a variety of high-performance (bio-)electronic devices/circuits. While OECTs based on p-type semiconductors have achieved tremendous progress in recent years, n-type OECTs still suffer from low performance, hampering the development of power-efficient electronics. Here, it is demonstrated that fine-tuning the molecular weight of the rigid, ladder-type n-type polymer poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) by only one order of magnitude (from 4.9 to 51 kDa) enables the development of n-type OECTs with record-high geometry-normalized transconductance (g(m,norm) approximate to 11 S cm(-1)) and electron mobility x volumetric capacitance (mu C* approximate to 26 F cm(-1) V-1 s(-1)), fast temporal response (0.38 ms), and low threshold voltage (0.15 V). This enhancement in OECT performance is ascribed to a more efficient intermolecular charge transport in high-molecular-weight BBL than in the low-molecular-weight counterpart. OECT-based complementary inverters are also demonstrated with record-high voltage gains of up to 100 V V-1 and ultralow power consumption down to 0.32 nW, depending on the supply voltage. These devices are among the best sub-1 V complementary inverters reported to date. These findings demonstrate the importance of molecular weight in optimizing the OECT performance of rigid organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors and open for a new generation of power-efficient organic (bio-)electronic devices.
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