Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 33, Issue 49, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103495
Keywords
multifunctional polymeric materials; natural inspiration; structural processing; vertically aligned structures
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Funding
- Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [51721091]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20200501]
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University [KLATM202010]
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Vertically aligned structures in polymeric composite materials have attracted considerable attention and witnessed extensive development in recent years. This study summarizes different configurations inspired by natural biological samples, discusses relevant processing methods, and highlights diverse applications in various fields.
Vertically aligned structures, which are a series of characteristic conformations with thickness-direction alignment, interconnection, or assembly of filler in polymeric composite materials that can provide remarkable structural performance and advanced anisotropic functions, have attracted considerable attention in recent years. The past two decades have witnessed extensive development with regard to universal fabrication methods, subtle control of morphological features, improvement of functional properties, and superior applications of vertically aligned structures in various fields. However, a systematic review remains to be attempted. The various configurations of vertical structures inspired from biological samples in nature, such as vertically aligned structures with honeycomb, reed, annual ring, radial, and lamellar configurations are summarized here. Additionally, relevant processing methods, which include the transformation of oriented direction, external-field inducement, template method, and 3D printing method, are discussed in detail. The diverse applications in mechanical, thermal, electric, dielectric, electromagnetic, water treatment, and energy fields are also highlighted by providing representative examples. Finally, future opportunities and prospects are listed to identify current issues and potential research directions. It is expected that perspectives on the vertically aligned structures presented here will contribute to the research on advanced multifunctional composites.
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