Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 32, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202111267
Keywords
electrode; hollow porous carbon spheres; MOF; power density; vanadium flow batteries
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21975252, 21506210]
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Electrochemical Energy Storage [KFJ-PTXM-027]
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By using a hollow porous carbon sphere as a catalyst, the polarization loss of vanadium flow batteries can be reduced, resulting in a higher energy efficiency and power density.
Improving power density is considered as one of the most effective methods to decrease the cost of vanadium flow batteries (VFBs). To reduce the polarization loss of VFBs, a hollow porous carbon sphere, whose inner and outer surfaces can both provide active sites catalyzing the redox reactions of vanadium redox couples, is designed and prepared by using nickel metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) as a template with the assistance of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). This catalyst with its high specific surface area can be simply in situ loaded on the graphite felt forming a composite electrode. The composite electrode exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity, as the vanadium ions can participate in the reaction on both inner and outer surfaces of the hollow spheres. As a result, a VFB single cell assembled with this electrode can achieve a high energy efficiency of 82.7% at a current density of 200 mA cm(-2) and a peak power density of 958 mW cm(-2), which is much higher than those of pristine graphite felts. This work provides a new idea for the development of highly active electrocatalysts for VFBs and further improves the power density of a VFB.
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