Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 31, Issue 52, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202106294
Keywords
2D metal carbides; atomic layer deposition; atomic surface reduction; energy storage; MXene; Ti; C-3; T-2; (x)
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Funding
- Planning and Budgeting Committee (PBC) of the Council for Higher Education, Isreal for the Post doctoral fellowship
- Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
- Israeli Council of Higher Education for the Fellowship
- FIRST Energy Frontier Research Center
- Carbon Ukraine
- Israel Science Foundation
- Israel Prime Minister's Office for Alternative Initiatives under the Israel Research center for Electrochemical Propulsion (INREP) [ISF 2797/11]
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The ASR technique is used for surface functionalization of MXene resulting in significantly improved electrochemical performance, with enhanced rate capability and cycling stability. The treated MXene exhibits better electrochemical performance attributed to increased interlayer spacing and modified surface terminations after the ASR process.
MXenes are a large class of 2D materials that consist of few-atoms-thick layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. The surface functionalization of MXenes has immense implications for their physical, chemical, and electronic properties. However, solution-phase surface functionalization often leads to structural degradation of the MXene electrodes. Here, a non-conventional, single-step atomic surface reduction (ASR) technique is adopted for the surface functionalization of MXene (Ti3C2Tx) in an atomic layer deposition reactor using trimethyl aluminum as a volatile reducing precursor. The chemical nature of the modified surface is characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The electrochemical properties of the surface-modified MXene are evaluated in acidic and neutral aqueous electrolyte solutions, as well as in conventional Li-ion and Na-ion organic electrolytes. A considerable improvement in electrochemical performance is obtained for the treated electrodes in all the examined electrolyte solutions, expressed in superior rate capability and cycling stability compared to those of the non-treated MXene films. This improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the increased interlayer spacing and modified surface terminations after the ASR process.
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