Journal
ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA
Volume 40, Issue 10, Pages 30-37Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s13131-021-1889-9
Keywords
Stokes drift; oil spill model; wind; wave spectrum
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41976018, 42006021]
- Guangdong Province Key Area Research and Development Program [2020B1111020003]
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application Open Research Program [MESTA-2020-B012]
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ocean Remote Sensing Open Research Program Based on muti-source analysis and remote sensing retrieval to study Sargassum bloom trend prediction in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea [2017B030301005-LORS2011]
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This study found that Stokes drift has an impact on oil spill simulations and should be taken into consideration. The relationship between wind speed, waves, and Stokes drift is complex and cannot be simply substituted. Stokes drift is particularly important for medium and long-term simulations, with its velocity being non-linear.
Spilled oil floats and travels across the water's surface under the influence of wind, currents, and wave action. Wave-induced Stokes drift is an important physical process that can affect surface water particles but that is currently absent from oil spill analyses. In this study, two methods are applied to determine the velocity of Stokes drift, the first calculates velocity from the wind-related formula based upon a one-dimensional frequency spectrum, while the second determines velocity directly from the wave model that was based on a two-dimensional spectrum. The experimental results of numerous models indicated that: (1) oil simulations that include the influence of Stokes drift are more accurate than that those do not; (2) for medium and long-term simulations longer than two days or more, Stokes drift is a significant factor that should not be ignored, and its magnitude can reach about 2% of the wind speed; (3) the velocity of Stokes drift is related to the wind but is not linear. Therefore, Stokes drift cannot simply be replaced or substituted by simply increasing the wind drift factor, which can cause errors in oil spill projections; (4) the Stokes drift velocity obtained from the two-dimensional wave spectrum makes the oil spill simulation more accurate.
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