4.8 Article

Chip-Scalable, Room-Temperature, Zero-Bias, Graphene-Based Terahertz Detectors with Nanosecond Response Time

Journal

ACS NANO
Volume 15, Issue 11, Pages 17966-17976

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06432

Keywords

photodetectors; graphene; terahertz; nanophotonics; chemical vapor deposition

Funding

  1. Marie Curie H2020-MSCA-ITN2017 TeraApps [765426]
  2. European Research Council [681379]
  3. EPSRC [EP/L016087/1, EP/K01711X/1, EP/K017144/1, EP/N010345/1, EP/V000055/1]
  4. European Union through the Graphene Flagship

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The scalable synthesis and transfer of large-area graphene facilitate the development of nanoscale photonic devices for new applications in various fields. Room-temperature zero-bias thermoelectric photodetectors based on single- and polycrystal graphene grown by CVD enable efficient light detection and tunability over the terahertz range. These advancements in graphene technology offer possibilities for cost-effective THz cameras with superior specifications.
The scalable synthesis and transfer of large-area graphene underpins the development of nanoscale photonic devices ideal for new applications in a variety of fields, ranging from biotechnology, to wearable sensors for healthcare and motion detection, to quantum transport, communications, and metrology. We report room-temperature zero-bias thermoelectric photodetectors, based on single- and polycrystal graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), tunable over the whole terahertz range (0.1-10 THz) by selecting the resonance of an on-chip patterned nanoantenna. Efficient light detection with noise equivalent powers <1 nWHz(-1/2) and response time similar to 5 ns at room temperature are demonstrated. This combination of specifications is orders of magnitude better than any previous CVD graphene photoreceiver operating in the sub-THz and THz range. These state-of-the-art performances and the possibility of upscaling to multipixel architectures on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor platforms are the starting points for the realization of cost-effective THz cameras in a frequency range still not covered by commercially available microbolometer arrays.

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