4.8 Article

Nitrate Molten Salt Electrolytes with Iron Oxide Catalysts for Open and Sealed Li-O2 Batteries

Journal

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 13, Issue 40, Pages 47740-47748

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16050

Keywords

lithium-oxygen batteries; molten salt electrolyte; catalysts; oxygen evolution reaction; oxygen reduction reaction

Funding

  1. National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT [NRF-2019R1A2C2007311]
  2. Human Resources Program in Energy Technology of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)
  3. Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea [20194010201890]

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The study shows that using cathodes with iron oxide catalyst in sealed Li-O-2 battery system can avoid detrimental side reactions, ensuring long cycle endurance and high-rate performance. This provides a viable strategy for high-performance molten salt-based Li-O-2 batteries.
Li-O-2 batteries with nitrate molten salt electrolytes are attracting considerable attention owing to their various electrochemical pathways to form a discharge product upon the open and sealed systems. Here, we investigate nitrate molten salt electrolyte-based open and sealed LiO2 batteries with pristine and iron oxide catalysts. Through the systematic analysis of various Li-O-2 battery characteristics, we observe the irreversible electrochemical reactions of the open Li-O-2 battery with an iron oxide catalyst that erodes the battery performance due to the detrimental parasitic reaction of H-2 gas evolution from the Li anode. In contrast, the sealed Li-O-2 system with cathodes containing the iron oxide catalyst exhibits the formation and decomposition of Li2O discharge products without significant side reactions, which guarantees long cycle endurance, high-rate performance, and a gravimetric energy density. Thus, promising electrochemical results from the sealed Li-O-2 system with the iron oxide catalyst provide a viable strategy for the high-performance molten salt-based Li-O-2 battery.

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