Impaired telomere length and telomerase activity in peripheral blood leukocytes and granulosa cells in patients with biochemical primary ovarian insufficiency

STUDY QUESTION: Are telomere length and telomerase activity associated with biochemical primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Shortened telomere length and diminished telomerase activity were associated with biochemical POI. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: POI is a result of pathological reproductive aging and encompasses occult, biochemical and overt stages. Studies have indicated telomere length as a biomarker for biological aging. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A total of 120 patients with biochemical POI and 279 control women were recruited by the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Shandong University. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes (LTL) and granulosa cells (GTL) was measured using a modified Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction technique. The relative telomerase activity (RTA) in granulosa cells was detected using a modified quantitative-telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: After adjusting for age, patients with biochemical POI (n = 120) exhibited significantly shorter LTLs (0.75 +/- 0.09 vs 1.79 +/- 0.12, P < 0.001; OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.43-0.68) and GTLs (0.78 +/- 0.09 vs 1.90 +/- 0.23, P < 0.001; OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.41-0.70) than the controls (n = 279 for LTLs; n = 90 for GTLs). Significantly diminished RTAs in granulosa cells were detected in patients with biochemical POI (n = 31) compared with the controls (n = 38) (1.57 +/- 0.59 vs 4.63 +/- 0.93, P = 0.025; OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72-0.98). LARGE SCALE DATA: N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The cross-sectional nature of this study might have its limit in telomere length as well as telomerase activity along with the progressing decline in ovarian function. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: These findings suggest that telomere length and telomerase activity may be considered as indicators for progression of ovarian decline.