Mixed convection of a nanofluid past an inclined wavy surface in the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms

The mixed convection of a nanofluid flow past an inclined wavy surface in the existence of gyrotactic microbes is considered. To convert the wavy surface to a plane surface, a transformation of coordinates is applied. The governing equations that are nonlinear and the accompanying boundary conditions are converted into a dimensionless form using pseudo-similarity variables. Using a local linearization process, the system of nonlinear partial differential equations is linearized. The resulting system is solved using the Bivariate Chebyshev pseudo-spectral collocation method. The influence of different physical and geometrical factors on the parameters of engineering importance of the flow is analyzed and illustrated graphically. It is observed that the skin friction, the density of motile microorganisms, and nanoparticle mass transfer rate are increasing with an increase in the bioconvection Peclet and Schmidt numbers whereas these quantities are decreasing with an increase in Rayleigh number. The local Nusselt number, nanoparticle Sherwood number, and density number of microbes increases with an increase in the Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameter. These physical quantities are increasing when the surface changes from horizontal to vertical.

Automated summary

This study investigates the mixed convection of a nanofluid flowing past an inclined wavy surface in the presence of gyrotactic microbes. By converting the wavy surface to a plane surface through a coordinate transformation and using pseudo-similarity variables, the governing equations and boundary conditions are transformed into dimensionless form and linearized through local linearization. The analysis shows that skin friction, microorganism density, and nanoparticle mass transfer rate increase with bioconvection Peclet and Schmidt numbers, while decreasing with Rayleigh number. Additionally, the local Nusselt number, nanoparticle Sherwood number, and microbe density number increase with Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters, and these physical quantities increase when the surface changes from horizontal to vertical.