3.8 Article

Vengerovo-2-a Krotovo Culture Site in the Baraba Forest-Steppe: An Archaeozoological Study

Journal

Publisher

PLEIADES PUBLISHING INC
DOI: 10.17746/1563-0110.2021.49.2.053-063

Keywords

Baraba forest-steppe; Bronze Age; Krotovo culture; archaeozoological studies; faunal sample composition; pastoralism

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Funding

  1. Russian Science Foundation [20-78-00115]
  2. [0264-2021-0004]
  3. Russian Science Foundation [20-78-00115] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation

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This study focuses on faunal remains from Vengerovo-2 in the Baraba forest-steppe, a Bronze Age site associated with the Krotovo culture. The sample, consisting of small fragments likely from butchering and kitchen waste, revealed a domesticated animal breeding system centered on sheep and goats. The analysis also found similarities between the faunal sample from Vengerovo-2 and contemporaneous Krotovo and Yelunino sites in terms of composition.
This study addresses faunal remains from Vengerovo-2 in the Baraba forest-steppe-a Bronze Age site associated with the Krotovo culture. We describe the origin of the sample, the distribution of bones in the living space, the species and skeletal parts represented, and the age of the animals. The sample consists of small fragments, which are likely butchering and kitchen waste, as well as the leftovers of production and rituals. Bones of domesticated animals are more frequent (62 %) than those of wild ones. Skeletal parts from utility pits (pelvic bones, ribs, and appendicular bones) differ from those found in production areas-mandibles, crania, and entire skeletons. Presumably, pits contained food, and production areas were places where work was accompanied by rituals. The reconstructed animal breeding system indicates its domestic nature, centered on sheep and goats, with a small number of horses and cattle. Hunting large prey (elk and roe deer) was important, and the same is true about fur animals (fox and marten) and waterfowl. The procurement of peltry, hides, and leather were principal occupations. Bone tools were made mostly from elk bones. Results of correlation analysis suggest that in terms of composition, the faunal sample was largely similar to those from contemporaneous Krotovo and Yelunino sites.

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