Development and Validation of Peer Relationship Scale for Chinese Community-Dwelling Elderly

Introduction: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test the peer relationship scales (PRSs) for the Chinese community-dwelling elderly. Methods: Based on the Adams-Blieszner-Ueno integrative conceptual framework, we first drafted item-pool from the literature review, in-depth interviews, and group discussion. After a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, PR, China, we recruited a random sample of 404 community-dwelling individuals aged >= 65 years. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the factor structure of the scales. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split-half reliability were used to assess internal consistency. Moreover, test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity were all calculated. Results: The results supported a two-factor (ie, quantity of intimate peer relationship, the quantity of non-intimate peer relationship) model for PRS-Quantity and a 12-item three-factor (ie, cognitive process, affective process, behavioral process) model for PRS-Quality. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.870 for PRS-Quantity and 0.851 for PRS-Quality. Both scales showed good test-retest reliability (r = 0.890 for PRS-Quantity, r = 0.889 for PRS-Quality), concurrent validity (r = 0.832 for PRS-Quantity, -0.800 for PRS-Quality), and acceptable construct validity. Discussion: Overall, our findings suggested that the PRSs are reliable and valid measurements to evaluate the quantity and quality of peer relationships among Chinese communitydwelling elderly. The scales may serve as attempted tools for researchers and practitioners to access the social health of the elderly and evaluate the effectiveness of related services.

Automated summary

This study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of peer relationship scales for Chinese community-dwelling elderly. The results supported a two-factor model for PRS-Quantity and a three-factor model for PRS-Quality, showing good reliability and validity. These scales can be useful tools for assessing social health and service effectiveness among elderly individuals.