Journal
JOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT
Volume 40, Issue 3, Pages 744-+Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/pam.22320
Keywords
SNAP; Electronic benefits; Food expenditure
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This paper examines the impact of different disbursement methods of the U.S. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) on household food spending, finding that Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) mitigated boom and bust cycles associated with SNAP disbursement, particularly for households with children. This effect primarily operates through the intensive margin of food spending during shopping trips.
Previous research shows that the way transfer income is disbursed can affect what households purchase with that income. In this paper, I provide evidence that disbursement technique can affect the timing of purchases as well. I examine the U.S. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which switched on a state-by-state basis from cash-similar food coupons to Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT)-a secure debit card-from 1993 to 2004. I find that EBT mitigated boom and bust cycles in food spending associated with SNAP disbursement. This effect is entirely driven by households with children (about two thirds of the SNAP population), who experienced more severe cycles prior to EBT. The effect operates only through the intensive margin-the amount spent on food during a shopping trip-and not at all on the extensive margin-the likelihood of going food shopping.
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