The Immune-Related Gene ELF3 is a Novel Biomarker for the Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a fatal gynaecological malignancy. The study aimed to conduct a comprehensive study to determine the role of ELF3 in OC through bioinformatic analysis. Methods: Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon sign-rank test, and logistic regression were used to evaluate the relationship between clinical characteristics and ELF3 expression. KaplanMeier method and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic factors. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immuno-infiltration analysis were used to evaluate the significant involvement of ELF3 in function. Results: High ELF3 expression in OC was associated with age (P< 0.001). High ELF3 expression predicted a poorer overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05-1.78; P=0.019) and disease specific survival (DSS) (HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.08-1.89; P=0.013). And ELF3 expression (HR: 1.779; 95% CI: 1.281-2.472; P<0.001) was independently correlated with OS in OC patients. GSEA demonstrated that pathways including GPCR-ligand binding, neuronal system, signaling by WNT, translation, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT were differentially enriched in ELF3 low expression phenotype. Immune infiltration analysis showed that ELF3 expression was correlated with immune infiltrates. Conclusion: ELF3 expression in OC patients was significantly associated with poor survival and immune infiltration and a promising prognostic biomarker in OC.

Automated summary

High expression of ELF3 in ovarian cancer is associated with age and predicts poor overall survival and disease specific survival. Pathways related to GPCR-ligand binding, neuronal system, and WNT signaling are enriched in ELF3 low expression phenotype. ELF3 expression is correlated with immune infiltration in OC patients.