Journal
RHIZOSPHERE
Volume 19, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2021.100421
Keywords
Biofilms; Biofortification; Cyanobacteria; Maize; Micronutrient
Categories
Funding
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi [IF180455]
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) through the Network Project on Microorganisms Application of Microorganisms in Agricultural and Allied Sectors (AMAAS)
- Division of Microbiology, Division of Genetics and Division of Agronomy, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi
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This study aimed to improve iron and zinc mobilization from soil to maize kernels using cyanobacteria-based formulations. The results confirmed the significant effects of individual microbial inoculation and biofilms on enhancing nutrient availability in maize kernels. The An-Tr biofilm-G1 (hybrid) combination showed promising results in improving maize kernel quality and saving nitrogen fertilizer.
This study aims to improve the iron and zinc mobilization from soil to maize kernels using cyanobacteria-based formulations. Towards this, focused analyses of plant physiological attributes, nutrient availability in soil and its enrichment in the kernels of maize hybrid, Pusa Vivek QPM 9 Improved (G1) and its parental inbreds Pusa Maize Inbred Provitamin 1 (G2) and Pusa Maize Inbred Provitamin 2 (G3) was undertaken. The treatments included formulations of individual agriculturally beneficial organisms-a cyanobacterium-Anabaena torulosa, fungusTrichoderma viride, and a bacterium Providencia sp. and their laboratory-developed biofilms -A. torulosa - Trichoderma viride (An-Tr) and A. torulosa - Providencia sp. (An-PW5). Application of An-Tr biofilm formulation led to 14-and 3.3-fold increase in nitrogenase activity and chlorophyll of soil respectively, over control, at the seedling stage. Hybrid (G1) recorded a significant increase of 1.2-1.5-fold in terms of nitrogenase activity over the parent genotypes. The highest zinc content in maize kernels, with a 1.34-fold increase over control, was recorded with An-Tr biofilm treatment, while T. viride increased kernel Fe content by 2.1-fold. Multivariate analyses illustrated a significant correlation of soil biological parameters-nitrogenase activity, chlorophyll, polysaccharides, Fe, Zn, with kernel Fe and Zn content in maize genotypes. Linear discriminant analyses validated the significant effects of individual microbial inoculation and biofilms. An-Tr biofilm-G1 (hybrid) combination can be a model system for in-depth analyses of beneficial effects of microbe-mediated biofortification of maize, leading to improved kernel quality and 25 % N savings.
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