Journal
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 4, Issue 9, Pages 10025-10032Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c01973
Keywords
dual-passivation; perovskite solar cells; large-area device; low recombination; hydrophobicity; ambient stability
Funding
- DST, India [DST/TSG/PT/2009/23, DST/CRG/2019/002164]
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft [IGSTC/MPG/PG(PKI)/2011A/48]
- MHRD, India through SPARC project [SPARC/20182019/P1097/SL]
- Deity, India [5(9)/2012-NANO (Vol. II)]
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Dual-passivation of MAPbI(3)-based perovskite using PTSA in the bulk and hydrophobic PS at the surface significantly reduces trap-density, improves device performance, and enhances PCE. The dual-passivation improves perovskite crystallinity, grain size, and reduces trap-density, resulting in higher photogenerated charges and better charge transport. The modified device retains 93% of the original PCE after 1000 hours under ambient conditions.
Dual-passivation of MAPbI(3)-based perovskite using p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) in the bulk and hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) at the surface significantly diminishes the trap-density and improves the device performances substantially. The sulfonic acid functional group of PTSA interacts with the defects in perovskite and passivates the trap-states, while PS repairs the surface defects and increases the moisture resistance of perovskites. Thus, improvement in perovskite crystallinity and formation of larger grain size occurs because of dual-passivation, thereby enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 20.62% from 15.14% of the device without passivation. Notably, the large-area dual-passivated device also displays a PCE of similar to 18.5%. The modified device (PTSA2PS2) showcases reduced hysteresis and a steady-state output of >20%. The PTSA2PS2-based devices exhibit higher photogenerated charges, lower charge recombination, reduced trap-density, and better charge transport than the control devices. The modified device retains 93% of the original PCE after 1000 h under ambient condition.
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