Journal
ACS OMEGA
Volume 6, Issue 23, Pages 15246-15256Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01524
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Funding
- Aeronautical Science Foundation of China [201818S7001]
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The novel halogen- and phosphorus-free intrinsic flame-retardant foam is fabricated with environmentally friendly materials, demonstrating excellent combustion performance and environmental benefits.
A novel halogen- and phosphorus-free intrinsic flame-retardant foam is fabricated from curable phenol-terminated polyphenylene ether resin with a high molecular weight using phenol, formaldehyde, and diphenyl ether as starting materials. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the pure foam is 24.90% +/- 0.28. When 0.5 wt % silica sol is added, the LOI of the foam (SPF-0.5) is up to 28.5% +/- 0.15 and both the combustion heat release rate and total combustion heat are low. Moreover, the SPF-0.5 foam exhibits high carbon residue, high compressive strength, and low pulverization rate and is superior to some previously reported phenolic foam. The flame-retardant mechanism includes the condensed-phase flame retardation and the gas-phase flame retardation, with the former being the main step, which is based on the high cross-linking density, the higher strength and smaller size of foam cells, and the formation of a carbon-silicon compound in the foam. This halogen- and phosphorous-free flame-retardant foam is also environmentally benign.
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