Production of Two Highly Abundant 2-Methyl-Branched Fatty Acids by Blooms of the Globally Significant Marine Cyanobacteria Trichodesmium erythraeum

The bloom-forming cyanobacteria Trichodesmium contribute up to 30% to the total fixed nitrogen in the global oceans and thereby drive substantial productivity. On an expedition in the Gulf of Mexico, we observed and sampled surface slicks, some of which included dense blooms of Trichodesmium erythraeum. These bloom samples contained abundant and atypical free fatty acids, identified here as 2-methyldecanoic acid and 2-methyldodecanoic acid. The high abundance and unusual branching pattern of these compounds suggest that they may play a specific role in this globally important organism.

Automated summary

The bloom-forming cyanobacteria Trichodesmium play a significant role in global oceans by contributing up to 30% of the total fixed nitrogen. During an expedition in the Gulf of Mexico, researchers observed and sampled surface slicks containing dense blooms of Trichodesmium erythraeum, which were found to have high levels of atypical free fatty acids. The unusual branching pattern of these compounds suggests that they may have a specific role in this globally important organism.