Journal
BRAIN SCIENCES
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060686
Keywords
COVID-19; olfactory dysfunction; vitamin A; smell training; resting-state fMRI
Categories
Funding
- Shaw Foundation Hong Kong
- Jessie & George Ho Charitable Foundation
- Perfect Shape Medical Limited
- Respiratory Viral Research Foundation
- Hui Ming, Hui Hoy and Chow Sin Lan Charity Fund Limited
- Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen, China [SZSM201911014]
- High Level-Hospital Program, Health Commission of Guangdong Province, China
- Consultancy Service for Enhancing Laboratory Surveillance of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Research Capability on Antimicrobial Resistance for the Department of Health of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government
- Theme-Based Research Scheme of the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, China [T11/707/15]
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The study found that non-conductive olfactory dysfunction is an important extra-pulmonary manifestation of COVID-19, and olfactory treatment (OT) combining vitamin A and smell training can improve olfactory function in patients.
Non-conductive olfactory dysfunction (OD) is an important extra-pulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Olfactory bulb (OB) volume loss and olfactory network functional connectivity (FC) defects were identified in two patients suffering from prolonged COVID-19-related OD. One patient received olfactory treatment (OT) by the combination of oral vitamin A and smell training via the novel electronic portable aromatic rehabilitation (EPAR) diffusers. After four-weeks of OT, clinical recuperation of smell was correlated with interval increase of bilateral OB volumes [right: 22.5 mm(3) to 49.5 mm(3) (120%), left: 37.5 mm(3) to 42 mm(3) (12%)] and improvement of mean olfactory FC [0.09 to 0.15 (66.6%)].
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