Journal
FOODS
Volume 10, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/foods10071592
Keywords
barley; stable isotopes; proton nuclear magnetic resonance; Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy; drought; climate change; Europe; Germany; multi-method approach; beer
Categories
Funding
- Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) [2816502414]
- German Research Foundation (DFG)
- University of Bayreuth
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In 2018 and 2019, Europe experienced significant drought, posing a major risk to global barley supply. A novel approach utilizing near-infrared spectra analysis, C-13 isotope enrichment, and betaine accumulation successfully differentiated between barley samples from 2018 and 2017. Through modern analysis techniques, both fraudulent labeling prevention and valuable insights into crop drought tolerance can be achieved.
Most recently in 2018 and 2019, large parts of Europe were affected by periods of massive drought. Resulting losses in cereal yield pose a major risk to the global supply of barley, as more than 60% of global production is based in Europe. Despite the arising price fluctuations on the cereal market, authenticity of the crop must be ensured, which includes correct declaration of harvest years. Here, we show a novel approach that allows such differentiation for spring barley samples, which takes advantage of the chemical changes caused by the extreme drought. Samples from 2018 were successfully differentiated from those of 2017 by analysis of changes in near-infrared spectra, enrichment in the isotope C-13, and strong accumulation of the plant-physiological marker betaine. We demonstrate that through consideration of multiple modern analysis techniques, not only can fraudulent labelling be prevented, but indispensable knowledge on the drought tolerance of crops can be obtained.
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