Journal
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.721292
Keywords
Chlamys nobilis; cultivated population; genetic admixture; microsatellite; population structure; wild population
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31702340, 31872566, 32002387]
- National Marine Genetic Resource Center, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (GDAS) Special Project of Science and Technology Development [2018GDASCX-0107]
- Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology through the National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFD0901400, 2020YFD0901100]
- Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) [GML2019ZD0404]
- Network Service Local Plan STS of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KFJ-STS-QYZD-158]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA13020202]
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences [ISEE2018PY01, ISEE2018ZD02]
- Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology [SKLLQG1813, SKLLQG1918]
- China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA
- Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China [2017B030314052]
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The study found that farmed noble scallop populations have higher genetic diversity than wild populations, with genetic admixture caused by mixing seeds from different hatcheries. There are significant genetic differences between wild and farmed populations, and the genetic diversity can be clearly distinguished between them.
The noble scallop, Chlamys nobilis, is an important bivalve mollusk with high commercial value and is usually farmed in the waters of southern China. To date, very little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of C. nobilis. In this study, 10 microsatellite loci of four farmed C. nobilis populations were compared with one another and compared wild population in southern China. A total of 83 alleles were found. Surprisingly, the level of genetic diversity of the farmed C. nobilis populations was higher than that of the wild population. Although the population genetic of wild population was completely in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, due to heterozygote deficiency, significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found in all farmed populations, suggesting a genetic admixture caused by the mixing of seeds from various hatcheries. The Fst and AMOVA values showed significant genetic differences between wild and farmed populations. The Bayesian assignment also confirmed that genetic admixture was significant and widespread in artificial breeding of C. nobilis. Furthermore, the UPGMA tree topology and PCA demonstrated that the genetic diversity of wild population can be clearly distinguished from farmed populations. In a nutshell, the findings of this study not only fill the knowledge gaps in genetic diversity of wild and farmed C. nobilis populations, but also serve as a guide for maintaining the genetic diversity of C. nobilis in both farmed and wild populations.
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