Journal
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
Volume 41, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2021.102848
Keywords
Reduced graphene oxide; Biomass waste; Sustainable electrode; Electrocatalytic activity; Vanadium redox flow battery
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Funding
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Economic Development Board, Singapore
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This study successfully demonstrates the high efficiency and stable performance of using rGO derived from waste coffee grounds as an electrode material for VRB system. The biomass-derived rGO shows promising potential as a low-cost replacement to commercial graphite electrodes in VRB applications.
Vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) is a renowned electrochemical energy storage device for large scale applications owing to its promising storage capability, long life and safety. However, the lower efficiency of VRB system combined with the non-renewable graphite-based electrodes have limited the widespread of VRB commercial market. This study investigates the feasibility of converting renewable biomass waste, namely spent coffee beans, into reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an alternate electrode material for VRB system. As prepared rGO has been thoroughly characterised and employed to design a modified electrode for VRB. The electrochemical performance of rGO based modified electrodes has been comprehensively examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling. The results demonstrate that the energy, voltage and coulombic efficiencies of rGO based electrodes are over 90%, which are comparable to that of commercially used pristine graphite electrode. Moreover, a stable cyclic performance is observed for rGO based electrodes over a total of 65 cycles owing to their high electrocatalytic activity and improved charge transfer. The stable performance and comparable efficiency present promising potential of biomass derived rGO as a low-cost replacement to the commercial graphite as an electrode material for VRB applications.
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