Journal
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/Spectrum.00074-21
Keywords
Lactobacillus sakei; obesity; gut microbiome; reactive oxygen stress; inflammation; high-fat diet
Categories
Funding
- Yonsei University College of Medicine [6-2015-0151]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2017R1C1B5016190]
- Health Fellowship Foundation
- Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (IPET) through the Agricultural Microbiome R&D Program - Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) [918003041SB010]
- Institute of Planning & Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries (iPET), Republic of Korea [918003041SB010] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The study found an increased abundance of Lactobacillus species in obese individuals, particularly Lactobacillus sakei, which was associated with high-fat diet and reactive oxygen species in feces. The L. sakei ob4.1 strain exhibited high catalase activity, aiding in colonization in the colon environment under high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress.
Obesity is a major public health problem related to various chronic health conditions. Lactobacillus species has been reported in obese individuals; however, its role is unknown. We compared the abundance and composition of Lactobacillus species by analyzing feces from 64 healthy control subjects and 88 obese subjects. We isolated one Lactobacillus strain from the feces of a subject with obesity and further analyzed its genetic and molecular features. We found that an increased abundance and higher prevalence of Lactobacillus sakei distinguished the fecal microbiota of the obese group from that of healthy subjects and that it was related to the increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by higher fat intake. The L. sakei ob4.1 strain, isolated from the feces of a subject with obesity, showed high catalase activity, which was regulated by oxidative stress at the gene transcription level. L. sakei ob4.1 maintained colon epithelial cell adhesion ability under ROS stimulation, and treatment with saturated fatty acid increased colon epithelial ROS levels in a dose-dependent manner; however, L. sakei ob4.1 did not change the level of fat-induced colon epithelial ROS. Exposing mice to a high-fat diet revealed that high-fat-diet-induced colon ROS was associated with the increased colonization of L. sakei ob4.1 through catalase activity. Four-week supplementation with this strain in mice fed a high-fat diet did not change their body weights or ROS levels. A high-fat diet induces changes in the colon environment by increasing ROS levels, which provides a colonization benefit to an L. sakei strain with high catalase activity. IMPORTANCE Lactobacillus provides many health benefits; its various species are widely used as probiotics. However, an increased abundance of Lactobacillus has been reported in obesity, and the role of Lactobacillus strains in obesity remains unknown. We found a high abundance of the Lactobacillus sakei species in a group of obese subjects and examined its relationship with a high-fat diet and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the feces. To find the underlying mechanism, we analyzed and characterized an L. sakei strain isolated from a severely obese individual. We found that higher gut oxidative stress could link high-fat-diet-induced obesity and L. sakei. This translational research identifies the roles of the host gut environment in the colonization and survival of L. sakei.
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